Cover	1
	Back Cover	2
	Title	3
	Preface	6
	Contents	10
	1. Introduction: Urban Theory Without an Outside	14
	Notes	28
	One: Foundations—The Urbanization Question	33
	2. From the City to Urban Society	36
	3. Cities or Urbanization?	52
	Cities Limited and Unlimited	55
	Capitalist Urbanization	57
	Alternative Urbanization	59
	An Adequate Language	60
	Conclusions	63
	Notes	66
	4. Networks, Borders, Differences: Towards a Theory of the Urban	67
	The Thesis of Complete Urbanization	69
	The City in Urban Society	70
	Perceived, Conceived and Lived Space	73
	Urban Space: Networks, Borders, Differences	76
	A New Understanding of the Urban	79
	Notes	80
	Two: Complete Urbanization—Experience, Site, Process	82
	5. Where Does the City End?	86
	Notes	89
	Figure Credits	89
	6. Traveling Warrior and Complete Urbanization in Switzerland: Landscape as Lived Space	90
	Town and Country	91
	The Theory of the Production of Space	94
	The Experience of Complete Urbanization	98
	The Bright Lights of the City	100
	Notes	102
	Figure Credits	102
	7. Is the Matterhorn City?	103
	Differences	104
	Networks	105
	Borders	106
	Matterhorn	108
	Figure Credits	108
	8. Extended Urbanization and Settlement Patterns in Brazil: An Environmental Approach	109
	Industrialization and Extended Urbanization	110
	Peripheries: Industries and Frontiers	111
	The Environmental Question	114
	Towards Alternative Metropolitan Ecologies?	116
	Notes	119
	Figure Credits	120
	9. The Emergence of Desakota Regions in Asia: Expanding a Hypothesis	121
	Definitions and Parameters	124
	The Emergence of the Extended Metropolitan Region in Asia	126
	Conditions and Processes Underlying the Emergence of New Zones of Economic Interaction: Desakota	128
	Questions Concerning the Desakota Regions in Asia	132
	Issues of Policy Formation	133
	Conclusion	136
	Notes	136
	Figure Credits	137
	Three: Planetary Urbanization—Openings	138
	10. The Urbanization of the World	142
	The Urbanization of the World	142
	Globalization, Urbanization, Industrialization	150
	A Planet of Slums	153
	Towards a New Urban Agenda	156
	Notes	159
	Figure Credits	159
	11. Planetary Urbanization	160
	Notes	163
	12. The Urban Question Under Planetary Urbanization	164
	Perspective and Prospective	164
	Blind Fields and Ways of Seeing	166
	Concrete Abstractions and Abstract Expressionism	168
	Separation and Encounters: “The Urban Consolidates”	171
	Centrality and Citizenship: Here Comes Everybody?	174
	Notes	179
	13. Theses on Urbanization	181
	Notes	200
	Figure Credits	202
	14. Patterns and Pathways of Global Urbanization: Towards Comparative Analysis	203
	Tracing Global Urbanization	204
	Case Studies and Urban Models	205
	New Processes of Urbanization	205
	On Comparative Urban Studies	206
	A Historical Territorial Approach	210
	Three Dimensions of Urbanization	211
	Models of Urbanization	213
	Patterns of Urbanization	213
	Pathways of Urbanization	214
	The Urban as Open Horizon	215
	Notes	216
	Figure Credits	217
	15. The Country and The City in the Urban Revolution	218
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	3	219
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	21	229
	Notes	230
	Figure Credits	231
	Four: Historical Geographies of Urbanization	232
	16. Urbs in Rure: Historical Enclosure and the Extended Urbanization of the Countryside	236
	Defining Original Extended Urbanization	238
	Open-field System, Common Right and Parliamentary Enclosure	244
	Parliamentary Enclosure as Original Extended Urbanization	248
	Conclusions	253
	Notes	257
	Figure Credits	259
	17. What is the Urban in the Contemporary World?	260
	The Industrial City, the City-Countryside Relationship and the Emergence of the Urban	262
	Contemporary Urbanization: Its Extended Nature and Other Implications	264
	The Extended Urbanization of Contemporary Brazil	265
	Notes	267
	18. The Urbanization of Switzerland	268
	Decentralized Urbanization	269
	A Completely Urbanized Switzerland	273
	New Urban Landscapes	274
	Notes	275
	Figure Credits	275
	19. Regional Urbanization and the End of the Metropolis Era	276
	Metropolitan Urbanization	276
	Regional Urbanization and the Great Density Convergence	278
	Reconstituting the Inner and Outer Cities	280
	Causes and Consequences of Regional Urbanization	282
	Extended Regional Urbanization	283
	The New Regionalism: Some Concluding Remarks	285
	Notes	287
	Figure Credits	287
	20. Worldwide Urbanization and Neocolonial Fractures: Insights From the Literary World	288
	Worldwide Urbanization and Revolution	289
	On Uneven Urbanization	291
	Literature: An Entry Point into Global and Comparative Urbanization	294
	Creolizing the Urban Revolution	295
	Texaco	298
	Conclusion: On the Coeval Character of the Urban	300
	Notes	303
	Five: Urban Studies and Urban Ideologies	307
	21. The “Urban Age” in Question	310
	Background: The Postwar Debate on Urban Population Thresholds	314
	The Theoretical Imperative: Postwar Critiques of Urban Demography	318
	Urban Age as Statistical Artifact	320
	Urban Age as Chaotic Conception	324
	Conclusion: Towards an Investigation of Planetary Urbanization	330
	Notes	334
	Figure Credits	337
	22. What Role For Social Science in the “Urban Age”?	338
	Introduction: The Superannuation of Social Science?	338
	The Dimming of Urban Social Science?	343
	The New Urban Enthusiasm and its Discontents	346
	Conclusion: Prospectus for Urban Social Science	348
	Notes	351
	23. City as Ideology	353
	Introduction	353
	New Urban Forms, New Urban Concepts	354
	The Urbanization of Ideology	356
	City and Country: Beyond the Spatial Division of Labor	360
	City as a System: The Urban Lifecycle and the Commuting Zone	362
	City as an Ideal Type: Urban Competitiveness	366
	Conclusion: Who Benefits from the City as Ideology?	368
	Notes	369
	24. Urbanizing Urban Political Ecology: A Critique of Methodological Cityism	372
	Introduction: The Green City in an Urban World	372
	The History: How Political Ecology Came to the City	373
	Methodological Cityism	376
	A Political Ecology of Urbanization	380
	Conclusion	383
	Notes	384
	25. Whither Urban Studies?	386
	Notes	393
	Six: Visualizations—Ideologies and Experiments	395
	26. A Typology of Urban Switzerland	398
	Conceptions of an Urban Switzerland	399
	The Rediscovery of the Urban	404
	The Helvetian Model of Urbanization	405
	Towards a New Typology of Urbanization: A Methodological Strategy	406
	Metropolitan Regions	408
	Networks of Cities	413
	Quiet Zones	417
	Alpine Resorts	420
	Alpine Fallow Lands	422
	Differences as Urban Potential	425
	Notes	427
	Figure Credits	427
	27. Is the Mediterranean Urban?	428
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	2	436
	3	439
	4	441
	5	447
	6	451
	7	454
	Notes	457
	Figure Credits	459
	28. Visualizing an Urbanized Planet—Materials	460
	Urbanization as a Cartography of Population	461
	Urbanization and the Geography of Economic Activity	465
	World Urbanization and Transportation Infrastructures	468
	Urbanization and Communications Infrastructures	470
	Urbanization as Worldwide Transformation of Land Occupation and Environment	472
	Notes	475
	Figure Credits	475
	Seven: Political Strategies, Struggles and Horizons	477
	29. Two Approaches to “World Management”: C. A. Doxiadis and R. B. Fuller	480
	The Institutionalization of the Urbanization Question	481
	Doxiadis, Fuller and the World Society of Ekistics	482
	Doxiadis and Planetary Zoning	484
	Fuller and Planetary Resource Utilization	491
	The Persistence of Technoscientific Ideologies	498
	Notes	502
	Figure Credits	503
	30. City Becoming World: Nancy, Lefebvre and the Global-Urban Imagination	505
	Introduction: A Vast Urban Hive	505
	Urbs et orbis	508
	Urban Society and Urban Revolution	514
	Conclusion: The World as an Opening	519
	Notes	520
	31. The Right to the City and Beyond: Notes on a Lefebvrian Reconceptualization	523
	Notes	532
	32. The Hypertrophic City Versus the Planet of Fields	533
	Fossil Capitalism and Energy Regimes	535
	Ecological Imperialism and the Limits to Limitless Growth	536
	End of the World’s Smallholders?	538
	Why Centralize Agriculture?	541
	How to Centralize Agriculture	543
	Conclusion	546
	Notes	548
	33. Becoming Urban: On Whose Terms?	551
	The Language of Urban Research	551
	Peri-urban Zones of Encounter	553
	Whose Imaginary of the Future City?	555
	Notes	560
	Coda	562
	34. Dissolving City, Planetary Metamorphosis	566
	Notes	570
	Contributors	572
	Sources	575
	Imprint	577