Acknowledgements	6
	Contents	9
	List of Abbreviations	13
	Chapter 1: Opening the Floor: The Rivalry Between Eagle and Dragon in Asia-Pacific	18
	1.1 Literature Overview: The Attested Struggle Between Giants	31
	1.2 Tackling the Academic Void: Research Puzzle and Research Questions	73
	1.3 Some Opening Words on Methodology and Research Design	75
	References	90
	Chapter 2: Theoretical Framework: Realism as a Lens for Analysis	102
	2.1 Classical Realism	108
	2.2 Structural Realism	113
	2.3 The Core of Realist Theories	119
	2.4 The Balance-of-Power Theory	126
	2.5 International Cooperation in a Realist World	138
	References	164
	Chapter 3: Power in International Relations	170
	3.1 Aggregate Understandings of Power	175
	3.2 Relational Understandings of Power	180
	3.3 Structural Understandings of Power	188
	3.4 The Challenge of Measuring Power	196
	3.5 The Continuing Relevance of Capabilities	200
	References	205
	Chapter 4: Towards a Middle Power Theory in International Relations	211
	4.1 Great Powers	216
	4.2 Middle Powers	223
	4.3 The Role of Middle Powers in Understanding Shifts in Relational Power	230
	References	236
	Chapter 5: Taking Stock of Asia-Pacific´s Tangible Power Changes: Measuring Aggregate Power	240
	5.1 An Index of Aggregate Power: The Cline Formula	242
	5.1.1 Critical Mass	245
	5.1.2 Economic Capabilities	246
	5.1.3 Military Capabilities	249
	5.1.4 Strategic Purpose and National Will	253
	5.2 Reconceptualising and Refining the Cline Formula: Modelling a New Composite Indicator on Aggregate Power (CIAP)	255
	5.2.1 Standardisation	259
	5.2.2 Weighting and Grouping	260
	5.2.3 Aggregation and Sensitivity Testing	263
	5.3 Adding Empirical Flesh to Theoretical Bones: Calculating the CIAP	266
	5.3.1 Critical Mass	266
	5.3.2 Economic Capabilities	269
	5.3.2.1 Gross National Product	269
	5.3.2.2 Domestic Energy Supply and External Energy Dependence	278
	5.3.2.3 Critical Nonfuel Minerals	282
	5.3.2.4 Industrial Strength	290
	5.3.2.5 Food Production and Dependency	298
	5.3.2.6 Trade	302
	5.3.3 Military Capabilities	310
	5.3.4 Strategic Purpose and National Will	325
	5.4 Assembling the CIAP	334
	5.5 Summary and Evaluation of Findings	342
	References	346
	Chapter 6: Determining the (Almost) Intangible: Measuring Relational Power	356
	6.1 Defining Measures for Comparative Case Studies in Mixed-Method Research on Relational Power	359
	6.2 Neither Small Nor Great: Identifying Middle Powers in Asia-Pacific	368
	References	376
	Chapter 7: Australia: Trading with the Dragon, But Flying with the Eagle	380
	7.1 Australia as a Middle Power	380
	7.1.1 Economic Development	380
	7.1.2 Foreign Policy	381
	7.1.3 Security Profile	382
	7.2 Australia´s Relations with the United States	384
	7.3 Australia´s Relations with China	400
	7.4 Analysis: Shifting Allegiance?	428
	References	442
	Chapter 8: Pakistan: `Iron Brother´ to Beijing, Reluctant Partner for Washington	452
	8.1 Pakistan as a Middle Power	452
	8.1.1 Economic Development	452
	8.1.2 Foreign Policy	457
	8.1.3 Security Profile	459
	8.2 Pakistan´s Relations with the United States	462
	8.3 Pakistan´s Relations with China	484
	8.4 Analysis: Shifting Allegiance?	503
	References	513
	Chapter 9: Japan: Warm Ties to Washington, `Cold Politics´ with Beijing	521
	9.1 Japan as a Middle Power	521
	9.1.1 Economic Development	523
	9.1.2 Foreign Policy	527
	9.1.3 Security Profile	528
	9.2 Japan´s Relations with the United States	530
	9.3 Japan´s Relations with China	547
	9.4 Analysis: Shifting Allegiance?	561
	References	571
	Chapter 10: The Republic of Korea: No Longer a Small `Shrimp Among Whales´	581
	10.1 The ROK as a Middle Power	581
	10.1.1 Economic Development	582
	10.1.2 Foreign Policy	584
	10.1.3 Security Profile	587
	10.2 The ROK´s Relations with the United States	589
	10.3 The ROK´s Relations with China	612
	10.4 Analysis: Shifting Allegiance?	630
	References	642
	Chapter 11: Thailand: Bending with the Wind Again?	650
	11.1 Thailand as a Middle Power	650
	11.1.1 Economic Development	650
	11.1.2 Foreign Policy	652
	11.1.3 Security Profile	655
	11.2 Thailand´s Relations with the United States	657
	11.3 Thailand´s Relations with China	674
	11.4 Analysis-Shifting Allegiance?	686
	References	702
	Chapter 12: Indonesia: Rowing Between Two Reefs Once More	709
	12.1 Indonesia as a Middle Power	709
	12.1.1 Economic Development	710
	12.1.2 Foreign Policy	712
	12.1.3 Security Profile	713
	12.2 Indonesia´s Relations with the United States	716
	12.3 Indonesia´s Relations with China	726
	12.4 Analysis: Shifting Allegiance?	736
	References	752
	Chapter 13: Conclusion: Does `Rising´ in Power Equate to `Shifting´ of Power?	760
	References	778