Acknowledgements	6
	Contents	7
	Notes on Contributors	10
	List of Figures	13
	List of Table	15
	Approaches to Magic, Heresy and Witchcraft in Time, Space and Faith	16
	Witchcraft	19
	Magic	22
	Heresy	24
	Notes	27
	Part I: Heresy	29
	‘Night is conceded to the dead’: Revenant Congregations in the Middle Ages	30
	A Gathering of the Dead, or of Demons?	35
	Marvelous, Ancient Sacrifices	38
	Thinking with the Dead	42
	Notes	43
	Heresy and Heterodoxy in Medieval Scandinavia	47
	Introduction	47
	Terminology	50
	Heresy in Medieval Scandinavia	52
	Concluding Discussion	58
	Notes	60
	Caught Between Unorthodox Medicine and Unorthodox Religion: Revisiting the Case of Costantino Saccardini, Charlatan-Heretic	69
	Notes	77
	Part II: Magic	81
	Angel Magic and the Cult of Angels in the Later Middle Ages	82
	The Issues at Stake	83
	Four Texts of Angel Magic from the Later Medieval West	86
	Efforts to Regulate the Veneration of Angels	92
	Devotion to Angels and Conceptions of Angels: The Scope of Toleration	96
	The Hazards of Conjuration	103
	Notes	108
	Polyphony and Pragmatism in Scandinavian Spells c.1300–1600	122
	Notes	137
	The Divining Rod: Origins, Explanations and Uses in the Thirteenth to Eighteenth Centuries	138
	Notes	151
	Ignorant Superstition? Popular Education on Magic in Early Seventeenth-Century Confessionalist Finland: The Case of Mary and the Rosaries	155
	Magic, Superstition and Witchcraft in Early Modern Finland	156
	Idolatry and Lip Service vs Obedient Mary	158
	Traces of the Cult of Mary in the Lutheran County of Satakunta	161
	A Tradition of Catholic Reformation and Lutheran Superstition?	165
	Early Seventeenth-Century Magic and Superstition as Ignorance	168
	Notes	170
	Part III: Witchcraft	174
	The Witch of Endor Before the Witch Trials	175
	Notes	194
	Preaching on Witchcraft? The Sermons of Johannes Geiler of Kaysersberg (1445–1510)	200
	Johannes Geiler of Kaysersberg (1445–1510): Some Introductory Remarks	200
	No Place for Witches: Johannes Geiler of Kaysersberg and His Concept of Urban Reform	205
	Superstition, Sorcery and Witchcraft in the Sermons of Johannes Geiler (Until 1509)	207
	Johannes Geiler and His Concepts of Witchcraft (1509)	209
	Conclusion	214
	Notes	216
	Law, Nature, Theology and Witchcraft in Ponzinibio’s De lamiis (1511)	223
	Notes	234
	The Infected and the Guilty: On Heresy and Witchcraft in Post-Reformation Denmark	239
	The Concept of Heresy	240
	First-Generation Reformers, Witchcraft and Heresy	242
	The Admonitions of Niels Hemmingsen on Heresy and Witchcraft	245
	Legislation on Witchcraft and Heresy	250
	In Court	252
	Conclusion	255
	Notes	256
	The Laughing Witch: Notes on the Relationship Between Literature and History in the Early Fifteenth Century	261
	The centrepiece of this chapter is an early fifteenth-century play in the Dutch language, now known by the anachronistic name Die Hexe (The Witch), a name I will keep here for convenience sake. The main question I will pose here is how this play shou	261
	A Farce	262
	The Waning of the Middle Ages	264
	Ascribed Witchcraft	268
	Contemporary Concepts	270
	A Popular Wizard	273
	Fictional Witchcraft	276
	Notes	278
	Images, Representations and the Self-­Perception of Magic among the Sami Shamans of Arctic Norway, 1592–1692	284
	‘Nordmythos’	285
	The Septentrionale Region and the Big Dipper	289
	Wind Knots and Weather Magic	291
	The Sami and the Witch Trials	293
	Sorcery Persecutions of the Sami	295
	The Self-Perception of Magic among the Sami Shamans	298
	Witchcraft Conspiracy at the Frontiers of European Civilization	299
	Territorial Expansion, State-Building and Witchcraft	300
	Notes	303
	Bibliography	306
	Archival (Unprinted) Sources	306
	Sources and Bibliography Printed Before 1900	306
	Sources and Bibliography Printed Since 1900	316
	Index	350