Foreword	7
	Preface	9
	About the Authors	11
	Acknowledgements	13
	Contents	14
	1 Introduction	16
	1.1 Introduction to Visualization	18
	1.2 Application Example	24
	1.3 Book Outline	27
	References	27
	2 Historical Background	29
	2.1 Classic Ways of Graphing Time	29
	2.2 Time in Visual Storytelling & Arts	49
	2.3 Summary	56
	References	57
	3 Time & Time-Oriented Data	59
	3.1 Modeling Time	60
	3.1.1 Design Aspects	61
	3.1.2 Granularities & Time Primitives	67
	3.2 Characterizing Data	76
	3.3 Relating Data & Time	78
	3.4 Summary	79
	References	81
	4 Visualization Aspects	83
	4.1 Characterization of the Visualization Problem	84
	4.1.1 What? -- Time & Data	85
	4.1.2 Why? -- User Tasks	86
	4.1.3 How? -- Visual Representation	90
	4.2 Visualization Design Examples	97
	4.2.1 Data Level	97
	4.2.2 Task Level	101
	4.2.3 Presentation Level	109
	4.3 Summary	113
	References	115
	5 Interaction Support	118
	5.1 Motivation & User Intents	119
	5.2 Fundamental Principles	121
	5.3 Basic Methods	128
	5.4 Integrating Interactive and Automatic Methods	133
	5.5 Summary	137
	References	138
	6 Analytical Support	140
	6.1 Temporal Analysis Tasks	141
	6.2 Clustering	143
	6.3 Temporal Data Abstraction	145
	6.4 Principal Component Analysis	150
	6.5 Summary	156
	References	157
	7 Survey of Visualization Techniques	159
	7.1 Techniques	160
	7.2 Summary	265
	References	266
	8 Conclusion	267
	8.1 Summary	267
	8.2 Application Issues	269
	8.3 Research Challenges	271
	8.4 Visual Analytics	275
	References	278
	References	280
	Index	294