Hilfe Warenkorb Konto Anmelden
 
 
   Schnellsuche   
     zur Expertensuche                      
The Palgrave Handbook of Methods for Media Policy Research
  Großes Bild
 
The Palgrave Handbook of Methods for Media Policy Research
von: Hilde Van den Bulck, Manuel Puppis, Karen Donders, Leo Van Audenhove
Palgrave Macmillan, 2019
ISBN: 9783030160654
676 Seiten, Download: 9692 KB
 
Format:  PDF
geeignet für: Apple iPad, Android Tablet PC's Online-Lesen PC, MAC, Laptop

Typ: B (paralleler Zugriff)

 

 
eBook anfordern
Inhaltsverzeichnis

  Preface 5  
  Contents 7  
  Notes on Contributors 11  
  List of Figures 19  
  List of Tables 22  
  List of Boxes 23  
  Part I Media Policy Research 25  
  1 Introduction: Media Policy and Media Policy Research 26  
     The Subject: Media and Communication Policy 26  
        Media Policy, Regulation and Governance 27  
        What Is Peculiar About Media Policy? 31  
     The Research Field: Media and Communication Policy Research 32  
        A Definition of Media Policy Research 33  
        History and Development of Media Policy Research 34  
        Misconceptions of Media Policy Research 35  
        Evidence-Based Policy-Making and Its Limitations 36  
     Conclusion 38  
     References 39  
  2 Doing Media Policy Research 45  
     Planning 46  
        Topic, Research Question and Problem 47  
        Theory and State of Research 48  
        Refining Research Questions and Developing (Hypo-)Theses 48  
        Research Design 49  
        Choosing Methods of Data Collection and Analysis 49  
        Determining the Population and Sampling 51  
        Research Plan 52  
     Executing 53  
        Operationalization 53  
        Data Collection 54  
        Data Preparation 57  
        Data Analysis 57  
     Reporting 60  
        Writing a Research Report 60  
        Publications and Presentations 61  
        Reaching Out 62  
     Thinking About Ethics 63  
     Conclusion 66  
     References 68  
  3 Digitization and Media Policy Research 72  
     Introduction 72  
     Main Focus of Media Policy Research 74  
        A Focus on ‘Old’ and ‘New’ 74  
        Focus on Formal Government Policies 75  
        Focus on Traditional Methods 76  
     Digitization of Media Policy Research 78  
        Digitizing Existing Methods 78  
        Digitally Native Methods 79  
     Participative Methods 81  
     Conclusion 83  
     References 84  
  Part II Research Design 89  
  4 Case Study Research 90  
     Introduction 90  
     Case Study Basics 91  
     Pros, Cons and Implications 92  
     How to Design and Conduct Case Study Research 95  
        Literature Review 96  
        Case Selection 96  
        Refining Research Questions 97  
        Selecting Methods 98  
        Data Analysis 100  
     Conclusion 102  
     References 102  
  5 Comparative Research 104  
     Introduction: Definition and Basic Rationale 104  
     Reasons for Comparison 107  
     Types of Studies 109  
        Comparative Case Study Analysis 109  
        Small-N Comparative Analysis 110  
        Large-N Comparative Analysis 112  
     Data Analysis Procedures: Quantitative and Qualitative Comparative Analysis 112  
     Handling Intercultural Differences in Multinational Projects 113  
        Avoiding Construct Bias 114  
        Avoiding Measurement Bias 115  
        Avoiding Instrument Bias 115  
        Avoiding Sampling Bias 116  
     Dealing with the Effects of Globalization 117  
     Outlook 118  
     References 118  
  6 Meta-Analysis 121  
     Introduction 121  
     From Narrative Literature Reviews to Meta-Analytic Reviews 122  
        Why Meta-Analytic Literature Reviews? 122  
        What Is a Meta-Analytic Literature Review? 123  
        Strengths, Achievements and Limits of Meta-Analytic Reviews 125  
        Five Steps Toward a Meta-Analytic Review 126  
     A Meta-Analytical Case Study 128  
        The Sample 129  
        The Working Hypotheses and the Research Questions 129  
        Some Findings of the Meta-Analytic Review 130  
        Some Conclusions 134  
     Summary and Conclusions 134  
     References 135  
  7 Action Research 138  
     Introduction 138  
     Definition 139  
     Pros and Cons of the Method 139  
     ‘How to’ Guide: Using an Action Research Approach to Media Policy Research 140  
     Steps in the Action Research Cycle 144  
        Identifying Key Concerns and Research Questions 144  
        Planning the Action 144  
        Taking Action 145  
        Observing 145  
        Reflecting 146  
     Case Study 1: Digital Media Services in Other Industry Sectors 146  
        Identifying Key Concerns and Research Questions 146  
        Planning the Action 147  
        Taking Action 148  
        Observing 148  
        Reflecting 150  
     Case Study 2: Action Research for Hyperlocal Audience Analytics 150  
        Identifying Key Concerns and Research Questions 150  
        Planning the Action 151  
        Taking Action 152  
        Observing 153  
        Reflecting 154  
     Chapter Conclusion 154  
     References 155  
  Part III Methods of Data Collection 157  
  8 Talking to People I: Surveys 158  
     Why Use Surveys in Media Policy Research? 158  
     Critical Analysis of Pros and Cons 159  
     How to Design a Survey 161  
        Defining the Relevant Population 161  
        Sampling 162  
        Comparative Designs 163  
        Conducting the Survey 163  
        Questionnaire 164  
        Data Analysis and Presentation 165  
        Presentation of Findings 166  
     Two Case Studies 166  
        Reuters Institute Digital News Report 167  
           Methodology 167  
           Relevance for Media Policy Research 168  
        EU Kids Online 168  
           Methodology 169  
           Relevance for Media Policy Research 169  
     Conclusion 171  
     References 172  
  9 Talking to People II: Qualitative Interviews 176  
     Introduction 176  
     Definition, Logic and Rationale 177  
        Qualitative Research of Media Audiences 178  
        Possible Contribution of Interviews to Media Policy Research 178  
     Critical Assessment of the Method 179  
        What Is in Focus in Qualitative Research Projects Based on Interviews? 179  
        Implications for Research Approach 180  
        Methodological Principles 180  
        The Question of Validity, and Its Relationship to ‘Good Policy Evidence’ 184  
     Planning and Conducting 184  
        Step 1: Theoretical Considerations and the Role of Sensitizing Concepts 185  
        Step 2: Research Design 186  
        Step 3: Sampling 186  
        Step 4: Formulating Questions and Developing the Interview Guide 186  
        Step 5: Preparing, Conducting and Transcribing the Interviews 187  
        Step 6: Data Analysis 187  
        Step 7: Reflection on Limitations of the Method Employed 188  
        Step 8: Translating Evidence into Policy 188  
     Conclusions 189  
     References 191  
  10 Talking to People III: Expert Interviews and Elite Interviews 193  
     Introduction 193  
     Definition: Expert Versus Elite Interviews 194  
     Critical Assessment: Types of Expert and Elite Interviews 196  
     Procedure 201  
        Theoretical Background and Literature Review 202  
        Topic List/Interview Guide/Questionnaire Design 202  
        Identifying and Sampling Experts 203  
        Approaching Experts 204  
        Before and During the Interview 205  
        Data Preparation 207  
        Data Analysis 207  
        Reporting 208  
     Concluding Remarks 208  
     References 209  
  11 Talking to People IV: Focus Groups 212  
     Introduction 212  
     The Definition, Logic and Rationale of Focus Groups 213  
     Critical Assessment of the Focus Group Method 215  
        Focus Groups as Qualitative Methods 215  
        Broader Debates About Focus Groups 216  
     Planning and Conducting Focus Groups 217  
        Clarify the Aims of the Research and Deciding on the Topic 218  
        Establishing and Maintaining Focus 219  
        Interview Schedule or Thematic List 220  
        Who to Include? Sampling Considerations 222  
        The Role of the Moderator 222  
        Context—The Setting 223  
     Conclusion 224  
     References 225  
  12 Watching People: Observations 228  
     Using Observation Within Mixed-Methods Research 228  
     What Is Observation and Why Use It? 230  
     Observation: A Critical Assessment 230  
     Case Studies: Observational Walkabouts and Creative Workshops 233  
        Case One: Observational Walkabouts 234  
     Case Two: Observing Creative Audiences 237  
     Generating Change in Policy 240  
     Observation: Benefits, Pitfalls and Shortcomings 240  
     References 242  
  13 Testing for Causality in Data: Experiments 245  
     Introduction 245  
     Experiments in a Nutshell 246  
     Types of Experiments and Their Applicability in Media Policy Research 247  
        Laboratory Experiments 247  
        Field Experiments 248  
        Quasi-Experiments 248  
        Choice Experiments 249  
     Essential Issues in a (Quasi-)Experimental Perspective and When It Can Be Applied 252  
     Benefits of Adopting an Experimenter’s Mind-Set 253  
        A Framework for More Targeted Research 253  
        Avoiding Naïve Data Mining 254  
        Avoiding Complex Data Analysis Methods 254  
     Do’s and Don’ts 255  
        Do Not Adopt a Perfectionist Attitude 255  
        Do Consider Complementary Tests and Results 255  
        Do Not Get Confused by Various Terminologies 256  
     Summary and Conclusions 257  
     References 258  
  14 Texts as Data I: Document Analysis 260  
     Introduction 260  
     Definition, Logic and Rationale 261  
     Critical Assessment of the Method 262  
     Planning and Conducting: A Hands-on ‘How To’ Guide 265  
        Step 1: Research Design and the Identification of Relevant Documents 265  
        Step 2: Access, Collection and Sampling 268  
        Step 3: Analysis and Impact 270  
     Conclusion 271  
     References 272  
  15 Texts as Data II: Media Content Analysis 274  
     Media Content Analyses in Policy Research 274  
     A Set of Procedures to Make Valid Inferences from Text 275  
     Detecting the Biases—In Our Own Research and in Media Content 276  
     Preparing and Conducting a Media Content Analysis 279  
        Research Question and Design 280  
        Sampling and Accessing Content 281  
        Coding Scheme and Reliability 282  
        Coding the Content 283  
        Data Analysis and Interpretation 283  
     Media Content Analysis in the Social Sciences and Humanities 284  
     References 285  
  16 Texts as Data III: Digital TV Archives 288  
     Introduction 288  
     Methods of Data Collection: Digital Television Historiography 289  
     Critical Assessment of the Method 291  
     Methodological Step-by-Step Illustration of Digital Television Historiography 294  
        Case Study 1: Data Collection on the Policy of Establishing Eurovision 294  
        Case Study 2: Data Collection on Subtitling Policy in the Netherlands 297  
     Conclusion 300  
     References 302  
  17 Texts as Data IV: Web Crawling, Content and Link Analyses 305  
     Introduction 305  
     Definition, Logic and Rationale 306  
     Critical Assessment of the Method 307  
     Planning and Conducting: A Hands-on ‘How To’ Guide (Step by Step) 309  
        Goal, Legal Framework, Research Questions 311  
        Instrument for Data Collection—Webcrawler 311  
        Domains to Be Included, Levels to Crawl, and Timing 312  
        Decision on Units of Analysis and Sample Frame 313  
        Development of Codebook for Content Analyses 313  
        A Categorization of Links for Assessing Their Potential for Commercialization 314  
        Data Collection and Cleaning of Data 315  
        Coding Process 315  
        Analyses 316  
     Conclusion: Lessons Learned, Pitfalls, Shortcomings 317  
     References 318  
  18 Working with Secondary Data: Official and Industry Statistics 320  
     Introduction 320  
     Official Statistics, Where to Find Them and Their Application 321  
        Defining Official Statistics 321  
        Finding Official Statistics 321  
        Getting Access to Official Statistics 323  
        Classifying Systems in Official Statistics 324  
        Applying Official Statistics 324  
     Advantages and Limitations in Working with Official and Industry Statistics 325  
        Pros and Cons of Official Statistics 325  
        Limitations of Media Industry Statistics 325  
     Step-by-Step: Working with Media Industry Statistics 326  
        The Three Steps 326  
        Step 1: Defining the Scope of the Media Industry 327  
        Step 2: Find and Extract Data of the Media Industry 328  
        Step 3: Harmonizing and Enriching the Data and Statistics 329  
     Conclusion 331  
     References 332  
  Part IV Methods of Data Analysis 335  
  19 Statistical Analysis 336  
     Introduction 336  
     Some Notes on Quantitative Analysis and Its (Not Very Different from Other Social Sciences Research, Really) Use in Media Policy Research 337  
     Why You Should (Not) Use Quantitative Methods in Your Media Policy Research—And Do It Safely 338  
     Getting Your Hands Dirty: Doing Quantitative Analysis Step by Step 341  
        Step 1: Data Preparation and Data Cleaning 342  
        Step 2: To Weight or Not to Weight 344  
        Step 3: Data Analysis 345  
        Step 4: Reporting Your Findings 351  
     Conclusion 351  
     References 352  
  20 Analyzing Big Data 354  
     Introduction 354  
     What Are Big Data and Data Science? 355  
     The Pros and Cons of the Big Data Approach 358  
        Conditions Under Which Big Data Approach May Make Sense 358  
        Critiques of Big Data on Epistemological Grounds 359  
        Ethical Issues 360  
        Practical Limitations 361  
     Getting Started with Big Data 362  
        Planning 363  
        Development 363  
        Data Collection 364  
        Analysis 364  
        Planning 365  
           Matching Research Objectives with Methods 365  
           Getting a Team Together 366  
           Brainstorming Questions and Answers 367  
        Development 368  
        Data Collection 368  
           Moving into Production: User Onboarding 368  
           Maintaining the Data Collection Infrastructure 369  
           Winding Down: Data Storage and the Ever-After 369  
        Analysis 369  
     Conclusion 370  
     References 371  
  21 Analyzing Talk and Text I: Qualitative Content Analysis 374  
     Introduction 374  
     Definition, Logic and Rationale 375  
     Critical Assessment of the Method 376  
     Planning and Conducting 378  
        Research Question, Theory and Sampling 380  
        Data Collection 381  
        Data Preparation 381  
        Coding 382  
        Interpretation 386  
        Presentation of Results 388  
     Conclusion 388  
     References 389  
  22 Analyzing Talk and Text II: Thematic Analysis 392  
     Introduction 392  
     TA as a Cornerstone of Qualitative Data Analysis and Boundaries to Other Methods 394  
     The Role of the Researcher 395  
     Methodological Reflexivity 396  
     Planning and Conducting a TA Project 399  
     Conclusion 403  
     References 405  
  23 Analyzing Talk and Text III: Discourse Analysis 409  
     Discourse 410  
     Critical Discourse Analysis 411  
     Critical Discourse Analysis and Media Policy Studies 413  
        CDA: A Step-by-Step Guide 415  
           Step 1: Develop Sensitizing Concepts and Locate Instances in Your Texts 415  
           Step 2: Ask Questions of Your Instances to Locate Patterns 416  
           Step 3: Refine Your Patterns Through Comparison, Place Your Patterns in Context, Build Abstract Themes and Construct Your Argument 417  
        Intervention 420  
     Conclusion 421  
     References 422  
  24 Analyzing Talk and Text IV: Frame Analysis 425  
     Introduction 425  
     Definition, Logic and Rationale: Frames in Media Policy 426  
     Critical Assessment of Frame Analysis 428  
        Isolated Identification of Frames 428  
        Latency of Frames and Qualitative Methodology 429  
        Frame Identification: Lack of Qualitative Methodology 429  
     Planning and Conducting a Frame Analysis 430  
        Step 1: Selection of Methods and Material 432  
        Step 2: Categories for Frame Identification 432  
        Step 3: Text Analysis 434  
        Step 4: Frame (Re-)Construction and Contextualization 435  
     Conclusion 437  
     References 438  
  25 Analyzing Qualitative Data Using NVivo 440  
     Introduction—It Is More Than Just CAQDAS 440  
     An Overview of the Major Tools Available in NVivo 441  
     Master or Servant? 445  
     Doing a Qualitative Research Project with NVivo 448  
        Coding 448  
        Memos 449  
        Classifications 450  
        Framework Matrices 450  
        Queries 451  
        Maps 452  
     Conclusion 452  
     References 453  
  26 Analyzing Policy-Making I: Stakeholder and Advocacy Coalition Framework Analysis 456  
     Introduction 456  
     Definition, Logic and Rationale 457  
     Critical Assessment 460  
     Planning and Conducting 463  
        Stakeholder Analysis 463  
        Advocacy Coalition Framework Analysis 467  
     Conclusion 470  
     References 471  
  27 Analyzing Policy-Making II: Policy Network Analysis 475  
     Introduction 475  
     Origin and Rationale 476  
     Presentation of the Method 477  
     Conducting Policy Network: Two Cases in Media Policy 483  
        The Policy Network of the BTX Introduction 483  
        Policy Discourse on the German Hate Speech Law 488  
     Conclusion 493  
     References 494  
  28 Analyzing Policy-Making III: Digital Network Analysis 496  
     Introduction 496  
     Methods 499  
     Community Detection Analysis 501  
     “How to” 503  
     Conclusion 507  
     References 508  
  29 Historical Analysis 512  
     Hutchins Commission 514  
     Net Neutrality 516  
     Conclusion: History as a Weapon 518  
     References 519  
  30 Legal Analysis in Media Policy Research 521  
     Introduction 521  
     Levels of Legal Analysis 523  
     Steps in the Research Process 526  
        Step 1: Formulating the Problem 527  
        Step 2: Gathering Relevant (Legal) Materials 527  
        Step 3: Analyzing Cases, Legal Documents and the Overall (Legal) Context 528  
        Step 4: Critically Interpreting and Evaluating Findings 530  
     Case Study No. 1: New York Times Co. v. United States 531  
        Step 1: Formulating the Problem 531  
        Step 2: Gathering Relevant (Legal) Materials 531  
        Step 3: Analyzing Cases, Legal Documents and the Overall (Legal) Context 532  
        Step 4: Critically Interpreting and Evaluating Findings 533  
     Case Study No. 2: Slovenia Broadband S.à r.l.’s Takeover of Produkcija Plus d.o.o. in Slovenia and Nova TV d.d. in Croatia 534  
        Step 1: Formulating the Problem 535  
        Step 2: Gathering Relevant (Legal) Materials 536  
        Step 3: Analyzing Cases, Legal Documents and the Overall (Legal) Context 537  
        Step 4: Critically Interpreting and Evaluating Findings 538  
     Conclusion 539  
     References 540  
  31 Assessing Policy I: Stakeholder Analysis 542  
     Introduction 542  
     Definition and Rationale 543  
     When and How to Use Stakeholder Analysis 545  
     Planning and Conducting a Stakeholder Review: Internet Regulations in Singapore 547  
     Stakeholder Engagement in Reviews of Australian Copyright and Intellectual Property Arrangements 549  
     Lessons from the Case Studies 551  
     Further Issues 552  
     References 554  
  32 Assessing Policy II: Governance-Choice Method 557  
     Introduction 557  
     Definition, Logic and Rationale 558  
     Critical Assessment of the Method 563  
     Planning and Conducting: A Hands-on ‘How To’ Guide 564  
        Module 1: Step-by-Step Analysis of Selected Context Factors 567  
        Module 2: Drawing Conclusions and Recommendations 571  
     Conclusion 571  
     References 572  
  33 Assessing Policy III: Regulatory Impact Assessment 575  
     Introduction 575  
     What Is RIA and Why Is It Used? 576  
        RIA, Principal–Agent Theory, and Macroeconomics 578  
        RIA and Theories of Democratic Governance 578  
     Critical Assessment of RIA 579  
     How to Do RIA 582  
        EU Commission’s Impact Assessment 582  
        OECD Recommendations 583  
     Case Studies 585  
        Study on ‘Co-Regulation Measures in the Media Sector’ 585  
        EU Commission’s Impact Assessment as Part of the AVMSD Refit Procedure 587  
     Conclusion 589  
     References 591  
  34 Assessing Policy IV: Goal-Means Tree Analysis 594  
     Introduction 594  
     Definition, Logic and Rationale 595  
     Critical Assessment of the Method 596  
     Procedure 599  
        Construction of a Goal-Means Tree in Seven Steps 600  
        Do’s and Don’ts 603  
        Data Analysis 603  
     Conclusion 604  
     References 606  
  Part V Reporting and Disseminating Media Policy Research 608  
  35 Writing Policy Reports 609  
     Introduction 609  
     Definition, Logic and Rationale 610  
     The Perks and Pitfalls of Policy Research Reports 612  
     Planning and Conducting 613  
        Step 1: Coordination and Aligning Expectations 613  
        Step 2: Define Your Audience 615  
        Step 3: Developing the Narrative 615  
        Step 4: Writing the Report 616  
        Step 5: Follow-up of the Research Report 620  
     Conclusion 621  
     References 621  
  36 Media Policy Activism 624  
     Introduction 624  
     What Is Media Policy Activism? 625  
     Two Case Studies of Media Policy Activism 627  
        A Future for Public Service Television Inquiry 627  
        The Media Reform Coalition 628  
     Critical Media Scholars and Activism 630  
        Set the Agenda—Don’t Just Follow It 630  
        Counting Is Not Enough 631  
        Don’t Hide Your Commitment 632  
        Academics—Affiliate! 633  
     Conclusion 634  
     References 635  
  37 Developing Pedagogical Materials on Media Policy 637  
     Introduction 637  
     Definitions and Rationale of Serious Games 640  
     Critical Assessment of the Use of Serious Games 642  
        Opportunities 642  
        Challenges 643  
        Ethical and Ideological Context 644  
     Planning and Developing a Serious Game in the Context of Media Policy 645  
     Conclusion 647  
     References 648  
  38 Looking Again at Findings: Secondary Analysis 652  
     Secondary Analysis 653  
     Algorithms, Governance, and the News 655  
     Information Processing and the Law 657  
        Legal Foundations and Information Processing 657  
        Other Distinctions 659  
     Information Processing and the News 663  
     Secondary Reading and the Governance of Algorithms 664  
     References 665  
  Index 670  


nach oben


  Mehr zum Inhalt
Kapitelübersicht
Kurzinformation
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Leseprobe
Blick ins Buch
Fragen zu eBooks?

  Navigation
Belletristik / Romane
Computer
Geschichte
Kultur
Medizin / Gesundheit
Philosophie / Religion
Politik
Psychologie / Pädagogik
Ratgeber
Recht
Reise / Hobbys
Sexualität / Erotik
Technik / Wissen
Wirtschaft

  Info
Hier gelangen Sie wieder zum Online-Auftritt Ihrer Bibliothek
© 2008-2024 ciando GmbH | Impressum | Kontakt | F.A.Q. | Datenschutz