Foreword1	5
	Preface	7
	Contents	13
	Part I Methodology	16
	1 Long-Term Preservation of Digital Documents	17
	1.1 Blessing and Curse of Digital Media	17
	1.2 Terms, Concepts, and Challenges	19
	1.3 Preserving Character Streams	24
	1.4 Technical Approaches to Long-Term Preservation	26
	1.5 Legal and Social Concerns	33
	2 OAIS and DSEP Organizational Models	35
	2.1 The OAIS Reference Model	35
	2.2 The DSEP Process Model	40
	3 Migration	45
	3.1 Migration: Definition and Goals	45
	3.2 Migration in Long-Term Preservation	48
	3.3 Archiving Processes of the Migration Approach	63
	3.4 Strengths andWeaknesses of the Migration Approach	68
	4 Emulation	71
	4.1 Emulation: Notions and Goals	71
	4.2 Emulation as a Means for Long-Term Preservation	78
	4.3 Preservation Processes in Emulation Approaches	86
	4.4 Chances and Risks of Emulation	91
	5 Document Markup	93
	5.1 Introductory Example	93
	5.2 Markup Variants	94
	5.3 Exploiting Markup for Long-Term Preservation	101
	5.4 Persistence is a Virtue	105
	6 Standard Markup Languages	113
	6.1 Standards for Syntactic Document Markup	113
	6.2 Standards for Semantic Document Markup	128
	6.3 Vision: The SemanticWeb	135
	7 Discussion	137
	7.1 Why DoWe Need to Act NOW?	137
	7.2 What do We Know Already, What Remains to Be Done?	139
	7.3 Facing Reality	142
	7.4 A Combined Approach	144
	Part II Recent Preservation Initiatives	147
	8 Markup: Current Research and Development	148
	8.1 The Dublin Core Metadata Initiative	148
	8.2 The Metadata Encoding & Transmission Standard	155
	8.3 The Victorian Electronic Records Strategy (VERS)	160
	8.4 The Text Encoding Initiative (TEI)	167
	8.5 The PANDORA Project	175
	9 Migration: Current Research and Development	183
	9.1 Migration in VERS-Compliant Recordkeeping Systems	183
	9.2 Preserving the Whole	188
	9.3 Risk Management of Digital Information	195
	9.4 Database Migration	202
	10 Emulation: Current Research and Development	219
	10.1 An Emulation Experiment by Jeff Rothenberg	219
	10.2 The Universal Virtual Computer (UVC)	225
	11 Software Systems for Archiving: An Assessment Methodology and Market Survey	232
	11.1 Introduction	232
	11.2 Development of Criteria	236
	11.3 Criteria Catalog	242
	11.4 General Assessment of Current Archiving Systems	242
	11.5 Discussion	249
	11.6 Product Examples	250
	11.7 Rated Products	251
	References	267
	Index	272